Learn how to create a stunning terrarium with this step-by-step guide and get expert tips for its care and maintenance.
When building a terrarium, one of the first steps is to choose the right container and location. The container should be clear and made of glass or plastic to allow for maximum visibility. It should also have a lid or cover to create a closed environment. The size of the container will depend on the number and size of the plants you want to include.
In terms of location, it's important to place your terrarium in an area that receives indirect sunlight. Direct sunlight can cause the temperature inside the terrarium to rise too quickly, which can be harmful to the plants. A location near a window or under fluorescent lights is ideal.
The next step in terrarium building is selecting suitable plants and materials. When choosing plants, opt for those that thrive in high humidity and lower-light conditions. Some popular choices include ferns, mosses, and most tropical species. It's also important to consider the size of the plants and how they will fit into your container. Remember, you are creating living art, so let it grow as an art piece!
In addition to plants, you'll need to gather materials such as terrarium soil, horticultural charcoal, dried sphagnum moss, and pebbles or rocks. Terrarium soil (check out our in-house blend here!) provides the necessary nutrients for plant growth, while horticultural charcoal helps to filter the air/soil and prevent odors. Dried Sphagnum moss is an excellent moisture retentive substrate and also aids in preventing soil erosion. Pebbles or rocks are used for drainage and to create a layered effect.
Proper layering is essential for the optimal growth of your terrarium plants. Start by adding a layer of pebbles or rocks at the bottom of the container. This will help with drainage and prevent water from pooling at the roots. On top of the rocks, add a "mat" of pre-moistened or dried sphagnum moss (if you are afraid of overwatering!), a sprinkle of horticultural charcoal to keep the terrarium smelling fresh and most importantly inhibit mold, fungus or bacteria growth.
Next, add a layer of terrarium soil. Make sure the soil is evenly distributed and level. This will provide the necessary nutrients for your plants. Finally, it's time to arrange your plants in the terrarium. Place them carefully, considering their size and growth habits. You can use your fingers or a small tool to create holes in the soil for the plants.
To ensure the success of your terrarium, it's important to provide the ideal environment. This includes maintaining the right temperature, humidity, and light levels. The temperature inside the terrarium should be between 65-75°F (18-24°C). Avoid placing the terrarium near drafts or extreme temperature fluctuations.
Humidity is also crucial for the health of your plants. Aim for a humidity level of 70-80%. If the humidity is too low, you can mist the plants with water or place a tray of water near the terrarium to increase moisture. If the humidity is too high, you can remove the lid or cover for a short period of time to allow for air circulation.
In terms of light, most terrarium plants prefer indirect or filtered light. Avoid placing the terrarium in direct sunlight, as this can cause the temperature to rise too quickly. Fluorescent lights or a location near a window with a sheer curtain are good options.
Once your terrarium is set up, it's important to maintain it properly to ensure the health of your plants. Regularly check the soil moisture and water as needed. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while underwatering can cause the plants to dry out. It's best to water the terrarium with a wash bottle or spray bottle, taking care to aim towards the glass or soil, ensuring the leaves do not get too saturated
Prune any yellow or dead leaves to promote healthy growth. If you notice any signs of pests, such as small insects or webs, take immediate action to remove them!
Common issues that may arise in terrariums include mold or fungal growth and dying/yellowing leaves. Mold or fungal growth can be prevented by ensuring proper ventilation and avoiding overwatering. Yellowing leaves may be a sign of too much or too little light and/or overwatering or underwatering, as well as a possible nutrient deficiency. Adjust the light levels and fertilize the plants with a slow release natural fertilizer as needed.
By following these tips and troubleshooting common issues, you can enjoy a thriving and beautiful terrarium in your home or office!